Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and Minister Malcolm X were both pivotal figures whose shoes have yet to be adequately filled by successors. Their voices were a clarion call to America to take note of the disparities faced by African Americans.  While their approaches to ameliorating these inequitable conditions were far from similar, they were […]

In 1864, the Navajo people were forced to walk over 450 miles to Fort Sumner in eastern New Mexico, an unfortunate event that is known in the Navajo language as Hweeldi. The story of this fatal march has been recorded and interpreted in historical literature by many non-Navajo authors and absent from that literature is […]

Winnie Ruth Judd, Eva Dugan, Dr. Rose Boido, and Eva Wilbur Cruz shared one thing in common. All were incarcerated at the Arizona State Prison in Florence.  Some of their stories made national headlines. Who were they and how did they end up in the Florence prison? How did their crimes and trials impact Arizona? […]